Basic Mathematics- BBA(Semester I), Pokhara University introduces basic mathematical ideas and methods that are crucial to business and economics. With an emphasis on real-world applications in business settings, it covers subjects like arithmetic, algebra, equations, functions, matrices, sequences, series, and financial mathematics.
Through subjects like matrix operations, exponential and logarithmic models, and linear and quadratic functions, the course places a strong emphasis on problem-solving, analytical reasoning, and computational abilities. Computational tools, lectures, discussions, and assignments are examples of teaching methods. Internal tests and semester-end exams are combined in evaluation to make sure students gain a strong foundation in quantitative skills for business studies.
Table of Contents
New Syllabus – 2024
Syllabus of Basics Mathematics (BBA Semester I)
Course code: MTH 110
Course title: Basic Mathematics
Nature of the course: Theory & Practice
Year 1, Semester I/I/II
Level: Bachelor
Program: BBA / BBA (Finance) / BBA (TT)
Full marks: 100
Pass marks: 45
Credit hours: 3.0
Total Hours: 48
1. Basic Mathematics Course Description
This course provides an introduction to basic mathematical concepts and techniques that are essential for understanding and solving problems in business and economics. The course covers the topics including sets, equations, functions, matrices, and financial mathematics, emphasizing their applications in business contexts.
2. Basic Mathematics General Objectives
The course is designed with the following general objectives:
• To acquaint the students with the basic mathematical principles.
• To enable the students for applying mathematical techniques to solve business-related problems.
• To enhance analytical and critical thinking skills of the students through mathematical reasoning.
3. Basic Mathematics Contents in Detail
| • Solve related problems | Unit I: Fundamentals of Arithmetic and Algebra (10 Hours) 1.1 Basic Arithmetic Operations 1.2 Fractions, Decimals, Ratio, Proportion, and Percentages 1.3 Integral Exponents, Radicals and Rational Exponents 1.4 Operations with Algebraic Expressions 1.5 Factoring 1.6 Algebraic Fractions 1.7 Permutation and combination 1.8 Sets 1.9 Real Numbers |
| • Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable • State the domains and ranges of functions • Use a graphing utility to graph equations • Solve linear equations with a graphing utility • Find break-even points and market equilibrium | Unit II: Linear Equations and Functions (8 Hours) 2.1 Solutions of Linear Equations and Inequalities in One Variable 2.2 Functions 2.3 Graphs and Graphing Utilities 2.4 Linear Functions 2.5 Solutions of Systems of Linear Equations (up to Three Equations in Three Variables) 2.6 Applications of Functions in Business and Economics (Total Cost, Total Revenue, and Profit; Break-Even Analysis; Supply, Demand, and Market Equilibrium) |
| • Solve quadratic equations and inequalities • Determine whether a vertex of a quadratic function is a maximum point or a minimum point • Graph and apply related functions • Use a graphing utility to create an equation that models the data. | Unit III: Quadratic and Other Special Functions (8 Hours) 3.1 Quadratic Equations (Factoring Methods, the Quadratic Formula) 3.2 Quadratic Inequalities 3.3 Quadratic Functions: Parabolas 3.4 Business Applications of Quadratic Functions (Supply, Demand, and Market Equilibrium; Break-Even Points and Maximization) 3.5 Special Functions and Their Graphs: Polynomial and Rational Functions, Piecewise Defined Functions 3.6 Modeling; Fitting Curves to Data with Graphing Utilities |
| • Model with exponential functions • Use logarithmic to solve exponential equations • Solve problems involving Gompertz curves and logistic functions | Unit IV: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions (8 Hours) 4.1 Exponential Functions 4.2 Modeling with Exponential Functions 4.3 Logarithmic Functions and Their Properties (Logarithmic Functions and Graphs, Properties of Logarithms, Change of Base) 4.4 Modeling with Logarithmic Functions 4.5 Solution of Exponential Equations 4.6 Applications of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions (Growth and Decay, Economic and Management Applications, Gompertz Curves and Logistic Functions). |
| • Organize and interpret data stored in matrices • Apply matrix operations • Use matrices and determinants to solve systems of linear equations • Use Leontief models to solve input-output problems | Unit V: Matrices and Determinants (7 Hours) 5.1 Matrix operations 5.2 Matrix equations 5.3 Determinants 5.4 Inverse of a Matrix 5.5 Cramer’s Rule 5.6 Leontief Input-Output Models |
| • Differentiate between sequence and series • Check the convergence of the sequence • Solve the problem related to sequence and series • Derive various formulas | Unit VI: Sequence and Series (6 Hours) 6.1 concept of sequence and series 6.2 Limit of a Sequence, Convergent and Divergent Sequence 6.3 Arithmetic Sequence and Series 6.4 Geometric Sequence and Series 6.5 Harmonic Sequence and Series 6.6 Application of Sequence and Series in Business (Simple and Compound interests, Annuities, etc.) |
Note: The figures in the parentheses indicate the approximate periods for the respective units.
4. Methods of Instruction
The course will be taught by lecture method, group discussion, class work, assignments, project work, case studies. Students will require to utilize computer for computational works.
5. Evaluation System and Students’ Responsibilities
5.1 Evaluation System
The performance of a student in a course is evaluated on the basis of internal evaluation and semester-end examination. 50% weight is given to the internal evaluation and 50% weight to the Semester-end examination conducted by the Office of the Controller of Examinations, Pokhara University.
5.1.1 Internal Evaluation
The internal evaluation is based on continuous evaluation process. The internal evaluation components and their respective weights may vary according to the nature and objectives of the course. An evaluation plan should be prepared by the faculty and should share with the students in the beginning of the course.
The internal evaluation components may consist of any combination of written test, quizzes and oral test, workshop, assignments, term paper, project work, case study analysis and discussion, open book test, class participation and any other test deemed to be suitable by the faculty.
5.1.2 Semester End Examination
There will be semester end examination at the end of the semester conducted by the Office of the Controller of Examinations, Pokhara University. It carries 50 % weight of total evaluation.
5.2 Students’ Responsibilities
Each student must secure at least 45% marks in the internal evaluation with 80% attendance in the class to appear in the Semester End Examination. Failing to obtain such score will be given NOT QUALIFIED (NQ) and the student will not be eligible to appear in the Semester End Examination. Students are advised to attend all the classes and complete all the assignments within the specified time period. If a student does not attend the class(es), it is his/her sole responsibility to cover the topic(s) taught during the period. If a student fails to attend a formal exam, quiz, test, etc. and there is not any provision for a re-exam.
6. Prescribed Books and References Text Books
Harshbarger, R. J., & Reynolds, J. J. Mathematical Applications for the Management, Life, and Social Sciences. USA: Brooks Cole.
Budnick, F. S. Applied Mathematics for Business, Economics and the Social Sciences. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill.
References
Related Contents
Syllabus of IT for Business- BBA(Semester I), Pokhara University