FUNDAMENTALS OF CSR
Table of Contents
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS – 12 MARKS
[2023 Fall Q. No. 2] What are the elements of CSR as discussed by Carroll? Draw appropriate figure to show them.
Answer: The elements of CSR as discussed by Carroll are:
- Economic (Base): Make profits to survive. Like paying bills for a household.
- Legal: Follow laws. Just like stopping at red lights.
- Ethical: Do what’s fair, even if not required. Think treating workers kindly.
- Philanthropic (Top): Give back to society. Like donating to a local school.
[2023 Fall Q. No. 4] How is CSR useful in the workplace?
Answer: CSR makes work feel meaningful. Example: A company reducing waste (eco-friendly offices) or letting employees volunteer on company time. This builds pride, teamwork, and loyalty like working for a team that cares, not just a paycheck machine.
[2023 Spring Q. No. 2] [2020 Fall Q. No. 2] What is corporate citizenship?
Answer: Corporate citizenship refers to a company’s responsibility to conduct business ethically, contribute to social well-being, and minimize environmental impact. It involves initiatives like corporate philanthropy, sustainability efforts, and ethical governance.
[2023 Spring Q. No. 3] What are the elements of corporate social responsibility?
Answer: According to Carroll’s CSR model, the key elements are:
- Economic Responsibility – Generating profits for survival and growth.
- Legal Responsibility – Complying with laws and regulations.
- Ethical Responsibility – Conducting business with fairness and integrity.
- Philanthropic Responsibility – Voluntary contributions to society.
[2022 Fall Q. No. 2] List out the benefit of Corporate Social Responsibility.
Answer: Some key benefits of CSR are:
- Enhances brand reputation and customer trust.
- Improves employee satisfaction and retention.
- Ensures environmental sustainability.
- Helps businesses comply with legal and ethical standards.
[2022 Fall Q. No. 3] Illustrate Carroll’s CSR pyramid in short.
Answer: Carroll’s CSR pyramid consists of four levels:
- Economic Responsibility – Business must be profitable.
- Legal Responsibility – Business must obey the law.
- Ethical Responsibility – Business should do what is right.
- Philanthropic Responsibility – Business should give back to society.
[2022 Fall Q. No. 2] List out the theories of corporate social responsibility.
Answer: The major CSR theories include:
- Shareholder Theory – Focuses on maximizing shareholder wealth.
- Stakeholder Theory – Considers the interests of all stakeholders.
- Legitimacy Theory – Businesses must meet societal expectations.
- Carroll’s CSR Model – Divides CSR into economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities.
[2021 Spring Q. No. 9] List out any three arguments for corporate social responsibility.
Three
- CSR enhances a company’s brand image and trust among customers.
- It attracts and retains talented employees.
- It leads to sustainable long-term business growth.
[2021 Fall Q. No. 2] Write the concept of corporate citizenship?
Corporate citizenship means that a business actively contributes to society through ethical operations, environmental protection, and social welfare programs.
[2021 Fall Q. No. 6] Define corporate social responsibility.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a business approach where companies integrate ethical, social, and environmental concerns into their operations to contribute to sustainable development.
[2020 Fall Q. No. 5] Explain the bottom line of CSR.
The Triple Bottom Line (TBL) of CSR consists of:
- Profit – Ensuring financial sustainability.
- People – Maintaining social responsibility.
- Planet – Protecting the environment.
[2020 Fall Q. No. 10] Outline two differences between stakeholder theory and ownership theory of the firm?
| Aspect | Stakeholder Theory | Ownership Theory (Shareholder Theory) |
|---|---|---|
| Focus | Interests of all stakeholders (employees, customers, society) | Maximizing shareholder wealth |
| Decision Making | Balances ethical, social, and financial goals | Primarily financial returns |
[2019 Spring Q. No. 2] What do you mean by corporate social performance?
Corporate Social Performance (CSP) measures a company’s effectiveness in fulfilling its ethical, environmental, and social responsibilities while achieving business success.
[2019 Spring Q. No. 6] Define Corporate Social Responsibility, and list any two challenges.
Definition: CSR is a company’s responsibility to operate ethically, contribute to social well-being, and minimize environmental harm.
Challenges:
- High costs of implementing CSR initiatives.
- Difficulty in measuring CSR impact.
[2018 Spring Q. No. 4] What is the provision about CSR spending in the Industrial Enterprise Act, 2073 of Nepal?
The Industrial Enterprise Act, 2073 of Nepal mandates that large industries must allocate at least 1% of their annual net profit to CSR activities such as education, health, and community welfare.
[2018 Fall Q. No. 3] Define corporate social responsiveness.
Corporate social responsiveness refers to a company’s ability to identify, respond to, and address social and environmental issues in a proactive and responsible manner.
[2018 Fall Q. No. 7] Enlist the benefits of CSR?
Benefits of CSR are:
- Enhances company reputation and trust.
- Attracts socially responsible investors.
- Improves employee morale and productivity.
- Promotes long-term sustainability and compliance with regulations.
[2017 Fall Q. No. 1] What does the stakeholder theory of the firm state?
Stakeholder theory states that businesses should consider the interests of all stakeholders, including employees, customers, suppliers, society, and the environment, rather than focusing solely on shareholders.
[2016 Spring Q. No. 3] List out the drivers of CSR.
- Government regulations and policies.
- Changing consumer expectations for ethical business practices.
- Pressure from investors and stakeholders.
- Ethical values and social awareness.
[2017 Fall Q. No. 5] What are the benefits of corporate citizenship?
- Strengthens brand reputation and public trust.
- Encourages community development and employee engagement.
- Reduces legal and regulatory risks.
- Enhances business sustainability and social impact.
Explain the major reasons to follow CSR by business organizations.
Businesses follow CSR to enhance brand reputation, customer loyalty, and employee satisfaction. It helps in legal compliance, risk reduction, and attracting investors. CSR also promotes innovation, long-term profitability, and environmental sustainability while strengthening stakeholder relationships.
DESCRIPTIVE ANSWER QUESTIONS
[2022 Fall Q. No. 12] What are the benefits of CSR to business and society? Discuss the major drivers of CSR in the developing countries like Nepal. Click here for Answer
[2023 Spring Q. No. 11] What are the main advantages of women at work? Explain the important corporate efforts to promote diversity in the workplace. Click here for Answer
[2022 Fall Q. No. 12] Why is CSR important to business organizations? Explain in short the theories of CSR, with their respective strengths and weaknesses. Click here for Answer
[2021 Spring Q. No. 12] Define corporate social responsibility. Illustrate the key drivers of CSR. Click here for Answer
[2021 Fall Q. No. 12] Define CSR. Explain the pyramid of corporate social responsibility. Click here for Answer
[2021 Fall Q. No. 13] Compare and contrast shareholder value theory and stakeholder theory. Which one is superior and why? Click here for Answer
[2020 Spring Q. No. 12] Corporate social responsibility is one of the hottest issues in corporate boardrooms these days, partly because it is encouraged by CSR standards. Yet, CSR may potentially cause companies to have conflicting objectives with some stakeholders in some situations. Why is that so? Why have stakeholders given CSR more attention recently? Are there instances where CSR might cause companies to have conflicting objectives with some stakeholders in some situations? Click here for Answer
[2020 Fall Q. No. 16] Explain the major reasons to follow CSR by business organizations. Click here for Answer
[2019 Spring Q. No. 12] What are the different elements of social responsibility? Explain them with suitable examples. Click here for Answer
[2019 Spring Q. No. 17] What do you mean by corporate citizenship? Explain the five stages of developing corporate citizenship. Click here for Answer
[2019 Fall Q. No. 12] Define corporate social responsibility. Explain theories of corporate social responsibility. Click here for Answer
[2018 Spring Q. No. 16] Define the ‘sustainability’. Do you think of CSR as a means of sustainability? Explain with a suitable example. Click here for Answer
[2018 Fall Q. No. 11] Define corporate social responsibility. Explain and illustrate different models of corporate social responsibility. Click here for Answer
[2017 Spring Q. No. 13] Explain in detail the concept and basic elements of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Click here for Answer
[2017 Fall Q. No. 12] Explain basic elements of social responsibility. How they are organized? Which element is the must for business? Click here for Answer
[2016 Spring Q. No. 12] Shareholders’ interest and stakeholders’ interest are always being a matter of discussion in business houses. In your opinion, how do shareholder’s value theory and stakeholder theory of the firm differ? Click here for Answer