Question: Define occupational safety and health. Explain the occupational health and safety measures according to the Labor Act 1992.
Answer:
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is all about protecting workers from hazards and ensuring a safe, healthy, and productive work environment. It focuses on preventing workplace injuries, illnesses, and accidents by identifying risks and putting safety measures in place. It’s not just about following rules it’s about valuing human life and well-being in every workplace.
Occupational Health and Safety Measures Under the Labor Act 1992
The Labor Act 1992 of Nepal sets guidelines to safeguard workers’ health and safety. It recognizes that people are the backbone of any industry and ensures their right to work in safe conditions. Here are some key OSH measures under this law:
Safe Working Conditions
Every worker deserves a clean and safe workplace. Employers must make sure the environment is free from hazards that could harm employees. This includes proper lighting, good ventilation, and clean drinking water. The workplace should also be kept hygienic to prevent illnesses.
Protective Equipment and Training
Some jobs involve risks like working with chemicals, heavy machinery, or at heights. In such cases, workers must be given protective gear like helmets, gloves, and masks. Employers should also provide training so workers know how to handle dangerous tasks safely.
Prevention of Occupational Diseases
Many workplaces expose employees to dust, noise, chemicals, or extreme temperatures, which can cause long-term health problems. To prevent this, employers should take necessary precautions, such as providing proper ventilation, reducing exposure to harmful substances, and conducting regular health check-ups.
Accident Prevention and Compensation
Workplaces should have safety measures in place to avoid accidents like falls, burns, and electrical shocks. If an accident happens at work, the employer is responsible for providing compensation to the injured worker or their family. This ensures that workers and their loved ones are financially supported in case of an unfortunate event.
Working Hours and Rest Periods
Overworking can lead to stress and fatigue, which increases the risk of mistakes and accidents. The law limits the number of hours a worker can work in a day and ensures they get proper breaks. Every worker is also entitled to weekly days off to rest and recharge.
Women and Child Protection
Pregnant women should not be given heavy or dangerous tasks, and they are entitled to maternity leave. Also, children should not be allowed to work in jobs that could harm their health or safety. This ensures that vulnerable workers are protected and treated fairly.
All questions with answer of Chapter SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK – Click here